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Is it ever a good idea to change narrators in a short story?

In one of my short stories, the narration starts in third person 'eye of god' mode. Then it moves to each character - there are only two of them - so the story is described as one character looks at the other and vice versa. The story ends with the third person point of view.

I have tried to seamlessly incorporate the above points of view and I think it works well because it creates the effects that I want i.e. it personalises the story but when drastic events unfold (e.g. a murder scene), the story takes a impersonal tone with third person narration. However, one of my readers found it a bit confusing and may I say less plausible.

I know it is much easier to do this in a novel, where each chapter can be told from the point of view of a different character but my question is in relation to a short story (with no internal division).

2 Answers 2

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Yes, it breaks the rules you learn about writing, but it is possible.

You seem to have a clear reason as to why you want to do it, which is a good start. In the novel "The Queen of Attolia" by Megan Whalen Turner, there's a fantastic example of switching viewpoints in the middle of a scene. She does it (IMHO) so smoothly that the reader barely notices.

It's a bit of a long passage, but bear with me:

“Eugenides.”
He turned. The queen stood at the end of the passageway, flanked by two more soldiers and a third man.
“What do you mean, I'm not allowed on the roof?” said Eugenides, outraged.
The queen walked toward him. The third man, Eugenides saw, was one of Galen's assistants. He glanced from the assistant back to his queen.
“You have someone watching my door,” he accused her.
She looked uncomfortable. Eugenides turned to the guard beside him and cursed. He turned back to the queen, still cursing. The soldiers on either side of her looked shocked.
“You think I'm going to throw myself off the roof?” he asked.
She did. The people in his family tended to die in falls. His mother, even his grandfather. When the palsy in his hands had grown so severe that he could no longer feed himself, he'd been unable to climb to the roof, and he'd tumbled over the railing at the top of one of the back staircases. It hadn't been a hard fall, but enough to kill an old man.
“You started a war without mentioning it,” Eugenides snarled. “You have my rooms watched, and I'm not allowed on the roof. What do I find out next?” He pushed past her and the soldiers. He walked backward away from her. “Tell me you've enrolled me as an apprentice bookkeeper. You bought a lovely house for me in the suburbs. You have a marriage arranged with a nice girl who doesn't mind cripples!” he shouted. He had reached the corner and disappeared from sight still shouting. He was making enough noise to wake every sleeper in that wing of the palace, and he didn't care. “I can't wait to hear!” He spaced his last words out and finally was finished. There was no sound, not even that of his receding footsteps.
The queen sighed and dismissed the soldiers who'd accompanied her.
“Shall I go back to watching his door, Your Majesty?” Galen's assistant asked.
“Yes,” she answered heavily. “Watch him as carefully as you can.”
Returning to her room, she sighed again. The accusation about the arranged marriage had been a home shot. It was a good thing Eugenides hadn't realized it yet.

Notice how it starts off from Eugenides' POV, then shifts to the Queen's. There's a bit in the middle (from the "She did." onwards) that could be from the POV of either of them, and she uses that as the transition point.

I will mention, however, that she only does it once in the scene. I can't say for sure whether or not it would work with multiple changes, but it does make it much harder to continually do it without confusing the reader.

In the end, the final test is always: Does it confuse the reader?

You mention one of your readers being confused - that's a warning. But it doesn't necessarily mean you have to change it. What do your other readers think? Do they notice the switching as well? If only one out of, say, five to ten readers gets confused, then you've managed to pull it off.

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Even in a novel, changing the narrator could be very confusing if the reader isn't warned. I think the main problem is here, not about the length of the story. If you want to change your narrator during your story because it's important for you, don't worry and do it.

But IMHO, you should make at least a small division. In a novel, the end of a chapter is a natural division which can be used to change the narrator. In a short story, you have to create the division required if the change is brutal, or merge the two points of view during some sentences if you want to spread the division.

If you need a brutal change, you can use a kind of type division, such as a line filled with a characters like * or _.

Your readers will tell you if it's more or less confusing than before, but don't ask only one person: he/she could be the exception of a more general opinion. Don't ignore him/her, of course. But if only one is confused when four, five or more, are not, it could be probably better to leave it like that.

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